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| Abortion |
| A premature ending of a pregnancy that is either induced or spontaneous (i.e., a miscarriage). |
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| Adhesion |
| Scar tissue that develops on the site of an infection, inflammation, or surgical incision and that can prevent normal egg or sperm passage and/or interfere with zygote implantation. |
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| Amenorrhea |
| The absence of menstruation. |
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| Anaerobic Bacteria |
| A type of bacteria that can survive in an oxygen-poor environment. In the genital tract, some kinds of anaerobic bacteria can cause infections that may lead to infertility. |
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| Androgen |
| Hormone that stimulates the activity of the accessory male sex organs and encourages development of male sex characteristics. Also produced in low quantities in females.
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| Artificial Insemination (AI) |
| The insertion of a sperm sample inside the female genital tract by artificial means. "Donor insemination (AID)" refers to sperm from a man other than the woman's partner. |
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| Aspermia |
| The complete absence of semen. |
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| Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) |
| A variety of procedures used to bring about conception without sexual intercourse, including IVF, and GIFT. |
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| Asthenospermia |
| Low count of moving (motile) sperm. |
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| Asymptomatic |
| Exhibiting no symptoms. |
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| Azoospermia |
| The complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. |
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